Head protection

Under ANSI/ISEA Z89.1, Type I reduces impact to the top of the head, while Type II also covers lateral impacts to the sides, front and back. Type II suits areas with risk of striking structures, sideways flying objects or falls. The choice should follow the site assessment of falling objects and impacts.

Class G is tested at 2,200 V, Class E at 20,000 V, and Class C offers no electrical insulation, typically vented or metal shells. These ratings only reduce risk from head contact with conductors and do not replace isolation procedures and dedicated electrical safety equipment. Electricians should use Class E and avoid drilling or adding fittings to the shell.

A helmet that has taken a significant impact must be replaced immediately, even with no visible crack. Plastic shells degrade with UV and heat, so follow the service life stated by the manufacturer; the production date is usually moulded into the shell. Suspensions generally need replacing sooner than shells, often recommended at around 12 months.

Adjust the suspension so the helmet stays put when bending over while keeping the clearance between the crown of the head and the shell that absorbs impact. Do not wear caps or hard objects underneath, and do not wear it backwards unless it is certified for that. Use a chin strap at height or in strong wind.

Check the shell for cracks, dents, fading or a chalky surface, and the suspension for broken straps or clips. Squeeze the sides of the shell gently: if it creaks or feels brittle, replace it. A hard hat that has taken a heavy impact should be removed from service even if no damage is visible.

Painting and drilling should be avoided, because solvents and holes can weaken the shell and remove its electrical insulation. Use stickers only where the manufacturer permits them and never over areas that need to be checked for cracks. Accessories such as visors and helmet-mounted earmuffs should be ones the hard hat manufacturer approves as compatible.

Wear it backwards only if it carries the reverse-wear marking and the suspension has been reversed correctly. A thick cap or baseball cap underneath changes the clearance between head and shell and reduces impact absorption. For cold weather, use a winter liner that the manufacturer allows.

Keep them in a dry, ventilated place away from direct sunlight and heat, and never on a car dashboard or rear shelf. UV and heat make the plastic shell brittle much faster than normal conditions. Clean with mild soap and warm water, never with solvents.